2024 Tus sau: Jasmine Walkman | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 08:31
Rye kub / Claviceps purpurea / yog cov tshuaj lom fungus ntawm tsev neeg Hypocreaceae, loj hlob zoo li tus cab rau ntawm rab phom ntawm qee qhov kev ua zaub mov, feem ntau ntawm rye, whence nws lub npe.
Nws tseem muaj lub npe hu ua ntshav duav, lub plhaw, lub taub hau, lub ntsej muag lossis lub qhov muag, vim hais tias cov tshuaj lom los ntawm nws xav tias qaug cawv. Rye horn muaj tus qauv ntxaiv zoo nkauj thiab nce mus txog 1 cm. Cov xim ntawm cov nceb yog xim liab rau xim liab. Rye horn muaj peb theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob.
Mus txog 50-60 xyoo dhau los, rye horn tau pom nyob rau hauv cov roob nrog rye, tab sis nrog kev nce qib ntawm kev siv tshuab thev naus laus zis, cov pwm yuav luag ploj ntawm cov qoob loo. Yog li, khoom neeg tsim cov khoom ntawm rye kub pib hauv peb lub teb chaws. Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig kuj tseem nyob hauv Russia, Portugal, Spain, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Ecuador thiab lwm yam.
Keeb kwm ntawm lub rye kub
Hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog, muaj kev kis mob ntawm tib neeg thiab tsiaj los ntawm cov qhob cij tsim nrog cov txhuv nplej uas rye. Cov kabmob sib kis no muaj tus cwj pwm kiv taub hau, poob siab, poob siab, qaug dab peg thoob plaws lub cev, ncig mus ncig txawv txav. Lawv tau hu ua "Hluav Taws ntawm St. Anthony "lossis" Cov Hluav Taws Xob Dawb) "- qhov thiaj li hu ua niaj hnub no ergotism / khoom noj muaj kab mob, yog ib hom mob mycotoxicosis tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv khoom noj khoom haus los ntawm cov nplej uas muaj cov alkaloids ergometrine, ergotamine /
Nyob rau lub xyoo pua 20, Swiss tus kws kho mob Albert Hoffmann tau sib cav hais tias barley lossis rye kis nrog rye horn tau siv rau hauv cov dej haus dawb huv (keukon) hauv cov khoom qub puag thaum ub, uas ua rau muaj kev sib cav sib ceg hauv cov kev pib.
Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm rye kub
Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm rye kub suav nrog cov alkaloids ergotamine, ergotamine, ergocorninine, ergometrine (ergobazin), ergometrinin (ergobazinin). Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov alkaloids uas tau teev tseg yog lysergic thiab isolysergic acid.
Hauv qab no alkaloid pawg ntawm clavina kuj raug rho tawm: peniclavin, costaclavin, hanoclavin (secaclavin), "clavin 68", agroclavine thiab elimoclavin, uas nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tawm kuaj tsuas yog muaj kab.
Ntxiv nrog rau alkaloids, ergosterol (0.10%) yog hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm cov pwm, uas yog hloov pauv rau cov vitamin D2 raws li kev tsis haum, zoo li amines tyramine, histamine thiab agmatine; cov alkylamines trimethylamine, methylamine thiab hexylamine; cov amino acids asparagine, mos lwj, valine, leucine thiab phenylalanine.
Lub rye kub kuj tseem muaj lwm cov tebchaw nitrogen uas muaj xws li betaine, choline, acetylcholine, ergothioxin, ergotionein, uracil thiab lwm yam. The ballast Cheebtsam ntawm tshuaj ntsuab muaj xws li: cov roj ua kom rog (txog 40%), lactic acid, piam thaj, phytosterol, ergosterol thiab lwm yam sterols, dyes (daj thiab liab) thiab lwm yam.
Sau thiab cia ntawm rye kub
Rye tshuab raj yog khaws los ntawm txhais tes ntawm qhov chaw thaum lub rye ripens. Lawv yuav tsum tau tuaj tos thaum sawv ntxov thaum tseem muaj dej noo, uas qee qhov tseem ceev tau rau lub siab ntawm chav kawm.
Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev ntawm kev sau no tsis zoo rau cov qoob loo, nws yog qhov nyuaj thiab tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sau cov nceb kom tau kho tshuab nrog cov tshuab tshwj xeeb lossis, hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, los ntawm kev sib hloov thiab sib hloov ntawm lub rye thaum lub caij thiav lossis thaum lub caij ntuj no.
Cov khoom ntim, txawm hais tias nws zoo li qhuav, yuav tsum tau qhuav hauv lub tshuab ziab plaub hau lossis hauv qhov chaw ntxoov ntxoo hauv chav muaj cua. Nws kis tau rau hauv txheej nyias nyias ntawm cov ntas lossis mats, nplawm qee zaum nrog tsoo.
Nws tau raug pov thawj pom tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws ziab ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab yog tau los ntawm kis nws nyob rau hauv nyias txheej hauv qhov cub ntawm qhov kub ntawm 60 degrees hauv ib kwj ntawm cov cua sov. Kev ziab tshav ntuj tsis pom zoo, thiab kom qhuav ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 60 degrees muaj qhov tsis zoo rau qhov zoo. Cov tshuaj zoo kom qhuav thaum tshuab raj tawg thaum muab tais.
Los ntawm 1.1 - 1.2 kg ntawm tshiab tshuab raj 1 kg ntawm qhuav sawv daws yuav tau txais. Qaug kub tshuab raj yog oblong, yuav luag cylindrical, me ntsis nkhaus nyob rau ob qho kawg, violet-dub nyob rau sab nraud, dawb lossis daj daj-dawb nyob rau sab hauv, nrog txoj kab xaum xim me me ntawm qhov sib nrug, qee zaum nrog grey, yooj yim erased tso nyiaj.
Qhov txhav yog tiaj. Qhov ntxhiab tsw zoo ib yam li ntawm nceb, thiab qhov saj - oily, qab zib. Lub tshuab raj uas muaj ntxhiab ntawm rancid roj lossis ammonia yog siv tsis tau.
Vim tias cov tshuaj lom yog cov tshuaj lom, nws yuav tsum khaws cia hauv qhov chaw qhuav, muaj cua thiab tsaus ntuj, kom deb ntawm cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Nws raug nquahu los kuaj tshuaj ntsuab ntau dua vim tias nws tau yooj yim nqus noo, uas tuaj yeem tsim kev mob rau kev lwj, thiab nws tseem tuaj yeem raug tawm tsam los ntawm kab.
Cov tshuaj ziab tsis txhob cia nyob ntev. Nws yog qhov pom zoo tshaj plaws kom khaws rye kub dua desiccants ntawm qhov kub ntawm 2 degrees, hauv qhov tsaus ntuj hauv cov thawv ntim airtight.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm rye kub
Lub rye kub muaj cov tshuaj uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo thiab kho tau. Kev lag luam kws kho mob niaj hnub tsim tawm ntau cov tshuaj kho los ntawm ergot sclerotia, uas tau siv ua tiav ntawm kev kho ntau yam kab mob.
Cov tshuaj muaj qhov ua haujlwm zoo rau ntawm neuroses, txhawm rau txhim kho kev mob plab ntawm plab, kom tsis txhob muaj cov leeg ntshav. Cov fungus kuj tseem pab nrog tus kabmob basal, thyrotoxicosis thiab lwm tus. Rye horn ua raws li kev ua kom loog rau mob tob hau, mob taub hau thiab ntau dua. Ergotin, uas muaj nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag, txhim kho kev cog lus ntawm lub tsev me nyuam tom qab lub cev tshuaj, thiab qee zaum pab nrog los ntshav los ntawm lwm yam kabmob.
Lub rye kub Nws kuj tseem siv rau mob raws plab thiab pib mob cataracts. Hauv tshuaj lom neeg haiv neeg Bulgarian nws yog siv tawm tsam dawb ntws, qaug zog aortic li qub, tuag tes tuag taw, ntshav khiav tsis zoo, hemoptysis thiab tsis muaj qhov muag.
Folk tshuaj nrog rye kub
Qhov nyuaj feem ntawm lub rye kub yog siv rau kev kho mob. Cov tshuaj ntsuab haiv neeg Bulgarian pom zoo rau cov pwm no los kho kev tuag tes tuag taw, mob ntshav qab zib, mob ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, atherosclerosis, mob taub hau thiab ntau dua.
Npaj ib lub decoction ntawm rye kublos ntawm soaking 1 teaspoon ntawm crushed tshuaj ntsuab hauv 300 ml ntawm dej npau. Cov kua tau lim thiab noj ib rab diav peb zaug ib hnub ua ntej noj mov.
LSD / Dieserylamide ntawm lysergic acid /
Thaum tab tom sim nrog ergot, tab tom nrhiav rau tus neeg sawv cev hemostatic, tus kws tshaj lij tshuaj Swiss Albert Hoffmann tau tshawb pom cov kev puas siab ntsws ntawm alkaloid ergotamine. Tsis ntev tom qab, Hoffman synthesized LSD.
Los ntawm kev kawm ntau yam kev sib raug zoo ntawm lysergic acid muaj nyob hauv ergot, xyoo 1938 nws ua tiav hauv kev coj los ua ke LSD-25, uas muaj kev cia siab yav tom ntej raws li kev ua pa thiab kev loj hlob.
Tab sis nws cov haujlwm hauv cov kev taw qhia no poob qis tom qab thiab cov kws kho mob tau rov qab nws tsuas yog tsib xyoos tom qab, thaum nws rov ua haujlwm dua LSD. Ua tsis tau, hauv chav kuaj, Hoffman kov cov tshuaj nrog nws cov ntiv tes thiab ib qho me me ntawm nws yog nqus tau los ntawm nws cov tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, nws tau pom nws cov txiaj ntsig hallucinogenic heev los ntawm kev sib tsoo.
Tsuas yog peb hnub tom qab, lub Plaub Hlis 19, 1943, Albert Hoffman tau ceev faj 250 micrograms ntawm cov tshuaj thiab tau ntsib cov kev muaj zog dua. Tom qab, ntau qhov kev sim nrog LSD tau ua nrog kev koom tes ntawm Hoffman nws tus kheej thiab nws cov npoj yaig. Thawj cov kaw suab ntawm cov kev sim no tau tsim nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 22 ntawm xyoo ntawd.
Ob peb xyoos tom qab, Hoffman ntse ua ke lwm cov tshuaj psychoactive - psilocybin, uas pom nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hauv "cov nceb noj khawv koob" uas siv los ntawm Aztecs thiab lwm cov neeg txheej thaum ub ua cov kab ke occult. Nws qhov ua yog zoo li LSD, tab sis tsis muaj zog.
Raug mob los ntawm rye kub
Lub rye kub yuav tsum tau siv tom qab tus kws kho mob muab tshuaj thiab tswj tau. Cov kab mob fungus yog lom heev thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv tom tsev. Kev noj lub suab raj rye hauv koob tshuaj ntau yuav ua rau lub raum puas, lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm thiab tuag taus.
Pom zoo:
Cov Kua Txob Kub Kub Tau Tsoo Thaum Lub Caij Ntuj No
Lub caij ntuj no los txog. Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm frosty hnub, khaub thuas thiab mob khaub thuas nce. Kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam lawv yog kua txob kub. Lawv qhov ntsim saj zoo li tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv tuaj yeem ua rau koj quaj, ua rau koj kub thiab tawm hws.
Cov Kua Txob Kub Kub Ua Rau Peb Zoo Siab
Cov kua txob kub hnyav, uas tau ntev los paub tias yog cov txuj lom rau lub neej muaj txiaj ntsig thiab lub cev noj qab nyob zoo, tseem muaj peev xwm ua rau peb saib lub neej dhau los ntawm tsom iav liab. Thaum peb noj cov kua txob kub, peb cov qog tau txais paib thiab pib zais qhov endorphins, hu ua cov tshuaj hormones ntawm kev zoo siab thiab kev lom zem.
Vim Li Ntawd, Cov Kua Txob Kub Kub Ntev Tau Lawv Txoj Sia
Txhawm rau ua kom ntev ntev rau ib tus neeg lub neej, rau ob peb lub xyoo nws tsim nyog tsis tsuas yog muab qhov kev coj ua tsis zoo, tab sis kuj noj kom noj qab haus huv thiab ua si kis las. Cov kua txob kub yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo thaj chaw sov ntawm cov genus Capsicum (saib kua txob), uas muaj cov tshuaj capsaicin.
Cog Thiab Cog Cov Kua Txob Kub Kub Hauv Cov Laujkaub
Cov zaub tshiab hauv lub caij ntuj no tsis muaj ntau yam tsis yooj yim. Ntau yam ntawm cov no tuaj yeem pom hauv khw muag khoom, tab sis feem ntau muaj cov muaj nitrates tsis zoo. Ib qho ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog cog qoob loo hauv tsev.
Cov Dej Haus Kub Kub Yog Qhov Tsim Nyog Rau Lub Tshav Kub
Dej yog ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej rau lub neej muaj sia. Nws ua kom muaj kev thauj ntau yam khoom hauv tib neeg lub cev, nrog rau kev pov tseg ntawm ntau cov khoom muaj tshuaj lom ntawm cov khoom siv metabolism hauv. Hauv txhua yam muaj sia, nws ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov nruab nrab rau kev nqa tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, ntawm qhov hnyav thiab ntawm tshuaj lom neeg.
