2024 Tus sau: Jasmine Walkman | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 08:31
Saponins yog cov glycosides. Lawv pom nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag ua ke nrog cov roj tseem ceeb, cov rog, cov tawv ntoo thiab muaj qee qhov muaj teeb meem nrog alkaloids. Saponins tsis muaj leej faj thiab nitrogen nyob hauv lawv cov molecule. Lawv qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kab mob nroj tsuag tseem tsis tau kom meej meej. Qee tus neeg ntseeg tias lawv coj ua lub zog tshwj tseg thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv tsiaj txhu los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb.
Lub npe ntawm pawg loj no ntawm adipose tebchaw los ntawm Latin "sapo" - xab npum. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lawv cov kev daws teeb meem zoo nkauj ua npuas thaum shaken thiab tsim cov npuas dej ruaj khov uas tsis ploj mus ntev. Saponins yog cov tsis muaj kob uas nrog solubility zoo hauv dej.
Hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv, saponins tsis yog-crystalline. Raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj ntsha kua qaub, lawv tawg rau hauv cov piam thaj thiab ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm aglycone hu ua sapogenin. Saponins yog lom rau cov tsiaj uas muaj ntshav tas li / ntses, nab, nabqa /. Ntawm qhov tod tes, saponins yog qhov zoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, vim li ntawd lawv thiaj yog ib feem ntawm kev npaj ntau.
Hom saponins
Ua raws li cov qauv tshuaj ntawm sapogenins, muaj ob pawg tseem ceeb saponins:
Steroid saponins - yog sib zoo sib xws nrog cov tshuaj hormones poj niam txiv neej, sterols thiab plawv glycosides. Lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ua raw khoom rau kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones steroid thiab cortisone derivatives. Steroids saponins yog pom feem ntau hauv cov tsev neeg Qos Qos, Taum, Qab Zib thiab lwm yam. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones steroid thiab cortisone derivatives.
Triterpene saponins - cov sapogenins ntawm cov glycosides no yog triterpenes. Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom hauv nees cov txiv ntseej, xab npum, licorice, primrose, ginseng thiab kaus ntxhw.
Cov muaj zog tshaj plaws cytostatic ntawm tsob ntoo keeb kwm kom deb li deb tseem yog triterpene saponin, uas yog cais los ntawm cyclamen, tab sis tsis siv vim nws muaj zog toxicity. Cov Ntawv Qhia saponins siv nyob rau hauv kev xyaum feem ntau nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm expectorants.
Cov chaw ntawm saponins
Raws li nws tau muab tawm, saponins pom feem ntau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Ib qho ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrov tshaj plaws, ib qho chaw ntawm steroid saponin yog tshuaj ntsuab lub cev yauv kaus hniav. Raws li rov qab txog xyoo 1970, cov nroj tsuag tau siv hauv kev npaj los txhawb cov metabolism.
Lwm qhov chaw tseem ceeb saponins yog xum npum, primrose, ivy, nees ntseej. Feem ntau, feem ntau cov nroj tsuag tshuaj muaj ntau hom sib txawv saponins.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm saponins
Saponins muaj ntau yam tshuaj pharmacological thiab kev siv tshuaj. Lawv qhia kev ua si hemolytic. Saponins pab hauv kev nqus ntawm cov rog, carbohydrates thiab lwm yam hauv lub cev. Qee qhov ntawm lawv muaj lub peev xwm los nce cov ntshav siab thiab cuam tshuam rau cov metabolism, zoo li ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev.
Yog li, lawv tau siv ntau zaus hauv kev kho mob. Lawv kuj tseem siv hauv kev siv tshuaj vim tias lawv qhov kev cia siab zoo, tab sis kev tiv thaiv qog, kev tiv thaiv thiab kev sib daj sib deev tsis txaus ntseeg yuav tsum tsis txhob ua li qis.
Lawv kuj tseem siv hauv cov tshuaj los kho atherosclerosis. Diosgenin tseem ceeb vim tias nws ua rau ntau cov tshuaj steroids - corticosteroids, cov tshuaj hormones thiab lwm tus.
Qee qhov tshuaj steroids saponins muaj cov tshuaj tua kabmob zoo thiab ua kom tua kabmob. Triterpene saponins, ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj qhov khoom txaus nyiam ntawm kev saib xyuas kev nqus ntawm cov tshuaj hauv lub plab zom mov.
Ntau cov nroj tsuag thoob ntiaj teb coj los ua ke saponins, kwv yees tias lawv lub luag haujlwm ntuj tsim los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm cov kab mob ntuj tsim. Vim tias muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg ntau dua ntawm cov tshuaj steroidal thiab triterpene saponins, kev txaus siab thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj no tau rov ua dua tshiab nyob rau xyoo tas los no, tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg muaj peev xwm siv tshuaj kho mob.
Raws li kev tshawb fawb txij xyoo 2005, saponins muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, muaj kev cuam tshuam cov permeability ntawm cov cell ua ib ce.
