2024 Tus sau: Jasmine Walkman | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 08:31
Alkaloids yog cov tshuaj ntuj tso uas yog lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
Alkaloids lawv feem ntau yog derivatives ntawm amino acids. Ob peb txhiab alkaloids paub, qee qhov muaj kuab lom. Feem ntau cov alkaloids muaj iab iab heev.
Alkaloids yog thawj qhov tshuaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag keeb kwm uas cov nitrogen tau pom. Sij hawm dhau los, tau xav tias qhov keeb kwm no tsuas pom hauv cov organic ntawm tsiaj keeb kwm. Alkaloids raug tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag lawv tus kheej los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm ntau yam kab.
Qee qhov alkaloids muaj tshuaj lom ntau heev, tab sis hauv cov khoom me me muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj.
Hom ntawm alkaloids
Yeej alkaloids tau muab faib ua 4 pawg loj:
Tropin alkaloids - muaj cov ntsiab lus sib zog ua ke;
Steroids alkaloids - cov no yog solanine, piperine, tomatin, capsaicin. Lawv pom nyob hauv qee cov zaub noj feem ntau;
Pyrrolizine alkaloids - ua yeeb tshuaj;
Indole alkaloids - kuj ua yeeb tshuaj.
Los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo saib, steroid alkaloids yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj.
Cov khoom siv ntawm alkaloids
Qee cov zaub qab tshaj plaws uas peb muaj hauv peb cov zaub mov txhua hnub yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm alkaloidsCov. Cov no yog cov qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav, kua txob thiab eggplants.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm solanine hauv mg rau 100 g ntawm zaub yog raws li hauv qab no - qos yaj ywm 2-13 mg; qe 6-11.33 mg; kua txob 7.7 -9,2 mg. Qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav, eggplants, qab zib thiab kub kua txob muaj alkaloidsuas cuam tshuam rau cov neuromuscular ua haujlwm thiab kev zom zaub mov.
Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub pob qij txha. Hmoov zoo, cov ntsiab lus ntawm alkaloids hauv cov khoom no muaj tsawg heev, kev siv txhua hnub tsis tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev.
Thaum raug rau kev kho cua sov, cov theem ntawm alkaloids hauv cov zaub no nce li 40-50%.
Solanine yog ib qho glucoalkaloid pom nyob hauv cov qos yaj ywm tawm lossis cov uas tau ua haujlwm nyob hauv lub hnub. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev lom zem ntau, yog li nws muaj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws los muab cov qos yaj ywm pov tseg. Qhov iab saj ntawm qos yaj ywm qhia tias muaj qhov hnyav ntawm alkaloids hauv lawv.
Piperine yog lwm yam alkaloid uas tau muab kua txob rau qhov ntsim saj. Nws tsub kom cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm resveratrol, txhawb kev cuam tshuam thermogenesis thiab kom tsawg me ntsis txhim kho tib neeg cov metabolism. Hauv kev txhaj ntau dua nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob plab me me.
Nicotine yog tom ntej alkaloid uas tsim nyog tshwj xeeb. Nws muaj nyob hauv qhov ntau hauv luam yeeb thiab hauv me me hauv txiv lws suav thiab aubergines.
Nws cov ntsiab lus hauv cov zaub no yog qhov tsawg heev, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov neeg muaj nicotine tsis haum, phiv tuaj yeem pom.
Raug mob los ntawm alkaloids
Nws ntseeg tau tias cov lus saum toj no alkaloids hauv cov zaub tuaj yeem ua kev puas tsuaj rau cov pob qij txha, tab sis tseem tsis muaj pov thawj ntxiv rau qhov kev thov no. Muaj cov kev tshawb fawb qhia pom tias cov alkaloids extract calcium los ntawm cov pob txha thiab rov qab rau nws mus rau qhov kev xoom xaim hauv cov nqaij mos.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kws tshawb nrhiav pom zoo kom tshem tawm cov qos yaj ywm, txiv lws suav, eggplants thiab kua txob los ntawm cov neeg muaj pob txha caj dab, mob caj dab thiab lwm cov teeb meem sib koom tes.
Yog tias koj raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, tsis suav cov zaub no hauv koj cov zaub mov rau 2-3 lub lis piam. Xws li kev txwv yuav teb tau tias cov khoom no cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov pob qij txha.
Raws li cov qos yaj ywm muaj qhov pheej hmoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm alkaloids vim yog solanine lawv muaj, ceev faj tshwj xeeb nrog lawv cia.
Yog tias koj xav tau khaws cia ntev dua, tso rau hauv chav tsaus thiab txias; ntxuav lawv kom zoo ua ntej ua noj; ua tib zoo txiav cov cheeb tsam sprouted, thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom muab pov tseg tag nrho cov qos yaj ywm. Yog tias tus qos twb siav twb muaj qhov iab lawm, tsis txhob noj.
